Going Alone走向唯一自由贸易中松驰互惠事例 2025 chm pdf kindle rb azw3 下载 115盘

Since the end of World War II，the freeing of trade has been most visible in reciprocal liberalization agreements negotiated under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade，or GATT，and through increasing bilateral and plurilateral agreements。There has also，however，been a significant，if less visible，unilateral freeing of trade by several nations。

This book，based on a research project directed by Jagdish Bhagwati，examines the experiences with such unilateral trade liberalization。Part 1 considers historical experiences，following Britain’s unilateral embrace of free trade。Part 2 discusses recent examples，and Part 3 discusses unilateral liberalization in specific sectors。The substantive introduction provides a synthesis of the findings as well as theoretical support。It argues that although unilateral freeing of trade is generally less beneficial than reciprocity，it can trigger "sequential" reciprocity through example or by encouraging lobbies abroad to favor trade expansion。

Foreword by Christopher DeMuth

Preface

　1 Introduction： The Unilateral Freeing of Trade versus Reciprocity

Ⅰ Historical Experience

　2 Leadership by Example？： Britain and the Free Trade Movement of the Nineteenth Century

　3 Reciprocity and the Origins of U.S. Trade Liberalization

　4 Reciprocity in GATT 1947： From 1942 to the Kennedy Round

　5 Market Access Bargaining in the Uruguay Round： How Tightly Does Reciprocity Constrain?

Ⅱ Country Experience

　6 Australia： A Case Study of Unilateral Trade Liberalization

　7 Trade Reform in New Zealand： Unilateralism at Work

　8 Trade Liberalization in Asia

　9 Central Europe during the 1990s： From Unilateralism to Bilateralism

　10 The Political Economy of Unilateral Trade Liberalization： The Case of Chile

　11 Unilateral and Reciprocal Trade Reform in Latin America by Rachel McCulloch

Ⅱ Sectoral Experience

　12 Unilateral International Openness： The Experience of the U.S. Financial Services Sector

　13 The Japanese Big Bang as a Unilateral Action

　14 Internet-Induced Liberalization and Reciprocity： The Case of Telecommunications

Index

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书籍介绍

Since the end of World War II, the freeing of trade has been most visible in reciprocal liberalization agreements negotiated under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, or GATT, and through increasing bilateral and plurilateral agreements. There has also, however, been a significant, if less visible, unilateral freeing of trade by several nations.This book, based on a research project directed by Jagdish Bhagwati, examines the experiences with such unilateral trade liberalization. Part 1 considers historical experiences, following Britain's unilateral embrace of free trade. Part 2 discusses recent examples, and Part 3 discusses unilateral liberalization in specific sectors. The substantive introduction provides a synthesis of the findings as well as theoretical support. It argues that although unilateral freeing of trade is generally less beneficial than reciprocity, it can trigger "sequential" reciprocity through example or by encouraging lobbies abroad to favor trade expansion.